PHP 之非对称加密RSA
某些情况下需要非对称加密, 比如小程序,App,JS, 加密算法和用于签名的app_secret 都可以被查看, 此时似乎用对称加密进行的签名算法无任何用处,
解决方法是使用非对称加密, 非对称加密的发送方只对sign进行加密, 接收方对其进行解密 ,再做比对
<?php
/**
* RSA算法类
* 签名及密文编码：base64字符串/十六进制字符串/二进制字符串流
* 填充方式: PKCS1Padding（加解密）/NOPadding（解密）
*
* Notice:Only accepts a single block. Block size is equal to the RSA key size!
* 如密钥长度为1024 bit，则加密时数据需小于128字节，加上PKCS1Padding本身的11字节信息，所以明文需小于117字节
*/
class RSA
{
private $pubKey = null;
private $priKey = null;
/**
* 构造函数
*
* @param string 公钥文件（验签和加密时传入）
* @param string 私钥文件（签名和解密时传入）
*/
public function __construct($public_key_file = '', $private_key_file = '')
{
if ($public_key_file) {
$this->_getPublicKey($public_key_file);
}
if ($private_key_file) {
$this->_getPrivateKey($private_key_file);
}
}
// 私有方法
/**
* 自定义错误处理
*/
private function _error($msg)
{
die('RSA Error:' . $msg); //TODO
}
/**
* 检测填充类型
* 加密只支持PKCS1_PADDING
* 解密支持PKCS1_PADDING和NO_PADDING
*
* @param int 填充模式
* @param string 加密en/解密de
* @return bool
*/
private function _checkPadding($padding, $type)
{
if ($type == 'en') {
switch ($padding) {
case OPENSSL_PKCS1_PADDING:
$ret = true;
break;
default:
$ret = false;
}
} else {
switch ($padding) {
case OPENSSL_PKCS1_PADDING:
case OPENSSL_NO_PADDING:
$ret = true;
break;
default:
$ret = false;
}
}
return $ret;
}
private function _encode($data, $code)
{
switch (strtolower($code)) {
case 'base64':
$data = base64_encode('' . $data);
break;
case 'hex':
$data = bin2hex($data);
break;
case 'bin':
default:
}
return $data;
}
private function _decode($data, $code)
{
switch (strtolower($code)) {
case 'base64':
$data = base64_decode($data);
break;
case 'hex':
$data = $this->_hex2bin($data);
break;
case 'bin':
default:
}
return $data;
}
private function _getPublicKey($file)
{
$key_content = $this->_readFile($file);
if ($key_content) {
$this->pubKey = openssl_get_publickey($key_content);
}
}
private function _getPrivateKey($file)
{
$key_content = $this->_readFile($file);
if ($key_content) {
$this->priKey = openssl_get_privatekey($key_content);
}
}
private function _readFile($file)
{
$ret = false;
if (!file_exists($file)) {
$this->_error("The file {$file} is not exists");
} else {
$ret = file_get_contents($file);
}
return $ret;
}
private function _hex2bin($hex = false)
{
$ret = $hex !== false && preg_match('/^[0-9a-fA-F]+$/i', $hex) ? pack("H*", $hex) : false;
return $ret;
}
/**
* 生成签名
*
* @param string 签名材料
* @param string 签名编码（base64/hex/bin）
* @return 签名值
*/
public function sign($data, $code = 'base64')
{
$ret = false;
if (openssl_sign($data, $ret, $this->priKey)) {
$ret = $this->_encode($ret, $code);
}
return $ret;
}
/**
* 验证签名
*
* @param string 签名材料
* @param string 签名值
* @param string 签名编码（base64/hex/bin）
* @return bool
*/
public function verify($data, $sign, $code = 'base64')
{
$ret = false;
$sign = $this->_decode($sign, $code);
if ($sign !== false) {
switch (openssl_verify($data, $sign, $this->pubKey)) {
case 1:
$ret = true;
break;
case 0:
case -1:
default:
$ret = false;
}
}
return $ret;
}
/**
* 加密
*
* @param string 明文
* @param string 密文编码（base64/hex/bin）
* @param int 填充方式（貌似php有bug，所以目前仅支持OPENSSL_PKCS1_PADDING）
* @return string 密文
*/
public function encrypt($data, $code = 'base64', $padding = OPENSSL_PKCS1_PADDING)
{
$ret = false;
if (!$this->_checkPadding($padding, 'en')) $this->_error('padding error');
if (openssl_public_encrypt($data, $result, $this->pubKey, $padding)) {
$ret = $this->_encode($result, $code);
}
return $ret;
}
/**
* 解密
*
* @param string 密文
* @param string 密文编码（base64/hex/bin）
* @param int 填充方式（OPENSSL_PKCS1_PADDING / OPENSSL_NO_PADDING）
* @param bool 是否翻转明文（When passing Microsoft CryptoAPI-generated RSA cyphertext, revert the bytes in the block）
* @return string 明文
*/
public function decrypt($data, $code = 'base64', $padding = OPENSSL_PKCS1_PADDING, $rev = false)
{
$ret = false;
$data = $this->_decode($data, $code);
if (!$this->_checkPadding($padding, 'de')) $this->_error('padding error');
if ($data !== false) {
if (openssl_private_decrypt($data, $result, $this->priKey, $padding)) {
$ret = $rev ? rtrim(strrev($result), "\0") : '' . $result;
}
}
return $ret;
}
}
//
//$pubfile = __DIR__ . '/rsa_public_key.pem';
//$prifile = __DIR__ . '/rsa_private_key.pem';
//$rsa = new RSA($pubfile, $prifile);
////加密
//$ret_e = $rsa->encrypt('sadfasdfasdfxxxasdf23');
////解密
//$ret_d = $rsa->decrypt($ret_e);
//echo $ret_e;
//echo '<pre>';
//echo $ret_d;
//exit;
//echo '<pre>';
//
//$a = 'test';
////签名
//$x = $rsa->sign($a);
////验证
//$y = $rsa->verify($a, $x);
//var_dump($x, $y);
//exit;
rsa_private_key.pem
-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY----- MIICeAIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAmIwggJeAgEAAoGBAOKVKAqRVmbgRXzw r0wi4hUkb8rDc8EuS2NN7mXRTSpFcxsPIqjzIpPVdDgGKKX22SbK0yekJwX0Z+yM YJncQAOSfwqPkO+vbEDVZ5UkbkB4olXa9WrgRgOwnxGK/QubBkSUq6wziatK/A1P qSCdY1TIDP4++/xUTGLj/1EQaLoHAgMBAAECgYEApnPu23yTnbXqNnPWQ7dooSGI YsudMPCif0xT80aESqaEff9rdfRPlYz8+N9FY07pjf74iimkZVJ8OiGSIdXUy6kH L0sk4XID3h8UU8HJ1g/CKQmP8H5YPC8gJ3EfSBEG/iTaPKri0qxvVuNywOo6yKPo JIgeHBZsMYtvLjrpYVECQQD3kc+q8RvdHO475Wzyf0yUzjys2cxdNurhWKE6cFA8 uGck0Gt1a/8diwdIy8gGVs0L6EvhcoKy54t1p79DafZZAkEA6kxkO6wk+AzYbMxl yinpUOlAZX4hyIEEQanutyBtwX9eLJilYGxJEqXPyrJAwhPxdF3dnrfQZRQgItPg 46znXwJBAJyYQJFR/Vv5Zr/AOQ+ScfBWG48CHQCBMkTj+OesDzS5N5TTuIUHkNEx FaR4McfAs+ZqQ0URV5auW0pKlvKfXdECQQDptkvhjkTOPhoA5R7AO3Bl6lX3J4tR cwio63aYqztwYbmx6I5GkZ2OgWG2AntAXR5kgmFYOmkg+qNXulxBH68nAkA9zFZF UBHOdi4FteNEO2e4dn+y7Ai9VdYFZ8IJt2Q8nNFHMC1woHMVvo5oqud1FUs5SxA3 4YJSE+TTDmlHCyRZ -----END PRIVATE KEY-----
rsa_public_key.pem
-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY----- MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDilSgKkVZm4EV88K9MIuIVJG/K w3PBLktjTe5l0U0qRXMbDyKo8yKT1XQ4Biil9tkmytMnpCcF9GfsjGCZ3EADkn8K j5Dvr2xA1WeVJG5AeKJV2vVq4EYDsJ8Riv0LmwZElKusM4mrSvwNT6kgnWNUyAz+ Pvv8VExi4/9REGi6BwIDAQAB -----END PUBLIC KEY-----
参考 : http://web.chacuo.net/netrsakeypair